Introduction to the materials and processes used for cold forging of Zhangqiu forgings
The size and quality of the rough for cold forging in Zhangqiu Forging Plant should be controlled accurately, and the end face should be straight. For those with high requirements, the surface should be peeled, turned or ground. The purpose of softening annealing is to reduce the strength of raw materials, ensure uniform performance and improve plasticity. Low carbon steel adopts ordinary annealing treatment, medium carbon steel and low alloy steel adopt spheroidizing annealing treatment.
Lubrication of cold forgings is very important. It can reduce the load of cold forging parts, improve the life of the die and the quality of cold forging parts. Generally speaking, lubrication treatment is to form a strong film on the surface of the blank during cold forging to reduce frictional resistance and cold forging force. Before lubricating treatment, the rough surface should be cleaned, including alkali washing and degreasing, pickling or shot blasting to clean the scale, and clean the rough surface.
The shape of the pre-forged step directly affects the shape of the forged step. The general design principle is that in order to ensure that the final forging die cavity is full, the designed pre-forging blank should be thickened as much as possible in the final forging die cavity, that is, the height of the pre-forging step should be 6-8mm higher than the final forging step, and the diameter should be 0.52mm smaller than the final forging step. For different types of forgings, there are different design features.
Number of punching holes and punching depth distribution. The number of holes is determined by the ratio of hole depth to hole diameter. The punching depth is configured as multiple punching, the first punching depth is shallow, and the other punching depths are basically equal due to the unstable blank of the first punching.
Die forging is a commonly used part forming processing method in forging production, which is suitable for large-scale processing types. The die forging process is the entire production process of forging the blank through a series of processing procedures. The die forging process includes the following steps.
Zhangqiu forging material preparation process: make bucket holes according to the blank size specifications required for forging.
Zhangqiu forging heating process: the billet is heated according to the heating temperature required for the deformation process.
Forging process: It can be divided into two processes (steps) of billet casting and die forging. There are many ways to create blanks. The die forging process includes pre-forging and final forging. The deformation process is determined according to the type of forging and the selected die forging equipment.
Post-forging process: The function of this process is to make up for the shortcomings of the die forging process and other pre-forging processes, so that the forging can fully meet the requirements of the forging drawing. The post-forging process includes edge grinding, punching, heat treatment, correction, surface trimming, grinding residual burrs, fine pressing, etc.
Inspection process: including inter-process inspection and inspection. In-process checks are usually random checks. Inspection items include shape and size, surface quality, metallographic structure and mechanical properties, etc. The specific inspection items shall be determined according to the requirements of forgings.
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