Zhangqiu forgings cooling common method
Zhangqiu forging cooling refers to the cooling of forgings from forging temperature to room temperature. If the cooling method is not properly selected, may be too much stress and produce cracks, mesh carbide, white spots, etc. affect product quality, and even scrap forgings. So we treat different forgings to choose the appropriate cooling method, the next is the forgings of several cooling methods.
1, spray cooling
The air of the fan is used to atomize the water flowing from the water pipe and blow to the forging for cooling. Air cooling. Forgings are cooled by blowing air.
2. Air cooling
Forgings are placed evenly on the ground and cooled in still air. Care is taken not to place on wet ground or sheet metal, or where there is traction, to prevent the forging from cooling too quickly locally and causing defects.
3、Pile cooling
Chapter forgings are stacked in baskets and cooled in the air. The pit (box) is cold. Forgings are cooled in pits or iron boxes. Contrast is cold. Forgings are cooled in slag, ash or sand. The ash and sand used must be dry. The general temperature of the forging into the sand is not less than 500°C and the thickness of the surrounding sand is not less than 80mm.
4、Furnace cooling
Zhangqiu forgings in the heating furnace cooling slowly, furnace temperature 500-700 ℃, cooling speed can be adjusted according to the specified speed. Forging into the furnace temperature is generally not less than 600-650 ℃, until the forging temperature and furnace temperature consistent, with the furnace cooling. Do not let the cold air into the furnace. The temperature of the oven is generally not higher than 100-150 ℃.
5、Control cooling
After the final forging, control the cooling speed of Zhangqiu forgings to achieve certain purposes. After the final forging forging cooling method, in general, the smaller the size of the forging surface temperature difference is smaller, the faster the cooling speed can be, the cooling speed of large forgings should be slower. Carbon steel and low alloy structural steel thermal conductivity is better, the surface and internal temperature difference is small, the cooling speed can be fast, high alloy structural steel thermal conductivity is poor, the cooling speed is slower. Therefore, the cooling specifications of different forgings should be selected according to the chemical composition of the material and the heat dissipation size of the forgings.
6, isothermal annealing
The correct cooling process after melting and casting is a prerequisite to ensure the quality of white spot sensitive ingots, and the first cooling after forging is also the key. It is usually considered that hydrogen expansion isothermal annealing is carried out directly after stopping forging.
After overburning, the billet will crack as soon as it is forged and the surface will blacken and bubble. Cracks may also form during overburning during heat treatment. The high rate organisation of overburned forgings is characterised by gross thickening of grain boundaries, the appearance of eutectic remelting spheres of low melting point compounds and the formation of triangular grain boundaries. Forgings with slight overburning have slightly improved strength properties, but poor fatigue properties. After severe overburning, the performance indicators of the forgings drop sharply, the forgings become scrap.
Zhangqiu forgings plasticity and poor mobility, easy to produce surface and internal cracking. Surface cracks generated by the reasons related to the type of billet. When using ingots as billets, due to high hydrogen content of ingots, serious porosity, oxidation inclusions, surface defects and other reasons, surface cracks often occur in the forging or die forging process.
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