The forging factory introduces how to heat treat stainless steel forgings. What should I pay attention to?
Forging manufacturers said that stainless steel forgings directly use waste heat for heat treatment after forging, which closely combines forging and heat treatment, saving a lot of energy consumption for reheating in ordinary heat treatment.
For example, stainless steel forgings after forging, the direct use of waste heat quenching, also known as high temperature deformation heat treatment, so that stainless steel forgings to obtain good comprehensive mechanical properties.
The forging manufacturer said that the stainless steel forgings are directly sent to the soaking furnace after forging, and the conventional heat treatment process of stainless steel forgings is still carried out.
After the stainless steel forgings are homogenized, the temperatures of the stainless steel forgings during quenching, normalizing and isothermal normalizing are consistent.
This method is called waste heat immersion heat treatment.
For stainless steel forgings with complex shape, especially large cross-section changes, this process can ensure the stable heat treatment quality of stainless steel forgings.
Forging manufacturers say that the grain size of stainless steel forgings is larger than that of conventional heat treatment by using forging waste heat quenching, forging waste heat homogenizing quenching, forging waste heat isothermal normalizing process.
In order to refine the grains, stainless steel forgings can be cooled to 600 to 650.
It is then heated to the temperature required for quenching (normalizing), which can refine the grains and reduce the energy consumption of stainless steel forgings from room temperature to 600 to 650.
It is generally used for stainless steel forgings with high grain size.
On the basis of reliable quality of raw materials, one of the tasks of forging is to obtain the required shape, size and surface state of stainless steel forgings to meet the requirements of parts processing and use conditions, and to meet the requirements of part drawings.
Forging manufacturers remind everyone that in actual production, most forgings are hot-loaded into the furnace after forging for normalizing and tempering.
After air cooling, forgings can only be cold loaded into the furnace for normalizing and tempering.
The purpose of undercooling after normalizing is to reduce the central temperature of forgings, to make the temperature uniform through proper heat preservation, and also to remove hydrogen.
The undercooling temperature varies with different types of steel.
General hot load 350-400 or 400-450.
Cold package 300-450.
In order to avoid the coarse products of high temperature forgings, attention should be paid to the coarse grains of high temperature forgings in the forging process.
Raw materials are involved in all aspects of the forging process (including heating, deformation, die, lubrication, operation, etc.).
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Therefore, in order to ensure the stability of the quality of forgings, the process preparation should be meticulous and correct, and the implementation process should be strict and accurate.
The important forgings of superalloys should be forged even if they are produced in small batches.
The recrystallization characteristics of different grades of high temperature forgings are different.
For example, most superalloys have a critical deformation of 3% Mel 5%, while GH135 alloys have a critical deformation of 4% Mel 6%.
During forging, the degree of deformation should exceed the above value.
The actual recrystallization temperature and aggregation recrystallization temperature of copper skin high temperature forgings with different smelting methods and furnace sizes are often different because of the difference in the actual content of chemical composition.
The effects of strong carbides and intermetallic forming elements, such as carbon, molybdenum and titanium, are more obvious.
For example, production and tests show that the suitable high heating temperature of GH33 alloy with different furnace sizes varies between 1070-U401C.
Therefore, specific and effective measures should be taken according to the situation of each batch of materials.
The forging manufacturer said that due to the large cross-section size and complex production process of large forgings, the following characteristics should be considered in heat treatment: uneven microstructure and properties; uneven particle size; large residual stress; and some forgings are easy to wear and produce white spots.
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