Forging manufacturer to introduce to you how to heat treatment of stainless steel forgings? What are the points to note?
The forging manufacturer said that after the forging of stainless steel forgings, the waste heat is directly used for heat treatment, and the forging and heat treatment are closely combined, which saves a lot of energy consumption for reheating in ordinary heat treatment. For example, after the forging of stainless steel forgings, the residual heat is directly used for quenching, which is also called high-temperature deformation heat treatment, so that the stainless steel forgings can obtain good comprehensive mechanical properties.
The forging manufacturer said that the stainless steel forgings are directly sent to the soaking heat treatment furnace after forging, and the conventional heat treatment process of stainless steel forgings is still carried out. After soaking the stainless steel forgings, ensure that the temperature of the stainless steel forgings is consistent during quenching, normalizing and isothermal normalizing. This method is called waste heat immersion heat treatment. For stainless steel forgings with complex shapes, especially those with large cross-section changes, this process can ensure the stable heat treatment quality of stainless steel forgings.
The forging manufacturer said that the grain size of stainless steel forgings is larger than that of conventional heat treatment processes by adopting forging residual heat quenching, forging residual heat soaking quenching, forging residual heat normalizing, and forging residual heat isothermal normalizing processes. In order to refine the grains, the stainless steel forgings can be cooled to 600~650°C and then heated to the temperature required for quenching (normalizing), which can refine the grains and reduce the energy consumption of stainless steel forgings heated from room temperature to 600~650°C. Generally used for stainless steel forgings with high grain size requirements.
On the basis of reliable quality of raw materials, one of the tasks of forging is to obtain the required shape, size and surface state of stainless steel forgings, so as to meet the requirements of processing and service conditions of parts, and comply with the regulations of parts drawings.
The forging manufacturer reminds everyone that in actual production, most of the forgings are hot loaded into the furnace after forging for normalizing and tempering. After air cooling, the forgings can only be cold loaded into the furnace for normalizing and tempering. The purpose of supercooling after normalizing is to reduce the center temperature of the forging, and make the temperature uniform through proper heat preservation, and at the same time, it can also play the role of removing hydrogen. The supercooling temperature varies with steel types. Generally hot charge 350-400 or 400-450. Cold charge 300-450.
In order to avoid coarse products of high-temperature forgings, attention should also be paid to the coarse grains of high-temperature forgings during the forging process. Raw materials are involved in every link in the forging process (including heating, deformation, mold, lubrication, operation, etc.). Therefore, in order to ensure the stability of forging quality, the process preparation must be meticulous and correct, and the implementation process must be strict and accurate. Important forgings of superalloys should be die forged even if they are produced in small batches.
The recrystallization characteristics of different grades of high temperature forgings are different. For example, the critical deformation degree of most superalloys is 3%-5%, while the critical deformation degree of GH135 alloy is 4%-6%. During forging, the degree of deformation should exceed the above values.
The actual recrystallization temperature and aggregation recrystallization temperature of copper-skinned high-temperature forgings with different smelting methods and furnace numbers are often different due to differences in the actual content of chemical components. Strong carbide and intermetallic forming elements such as carbon, molybdenum and titanium play a more pronounced role. For example, production and tests have shown that the suitable high heating temperature for GH33 alloys of different furnace numbers varies between 1070-U401C. Therefore, specific and effective measures should be taken according to the situation of each batch of materials.
The forging manufacturer said that due to the large cross-sectional size of large forgings and the complex production process, the following characteristics should be considered during heat treatment: uneven structure and performance; uneven particle size; large residual stress; some forgings are easy to wear and produce white spots.
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